Ruy Lopez: Old Steinitz Defense, Semi-Duras Variation

A classic chess opening that focuses on controlling the center and applying pressure on the opponent's knight, leading to a solid and strategic game.

The opening is a traditional and well-established chess opening that has been played for over a century. It is characterized by its focus on controlling the center of the board and applying pressure on the opponent's knight. This opening is named after the first undisputed World Chess Champion, Wilhelm Steinitz, who was known for his solid and strategic play.

In this opening, White aims to establish a strong pawn center with pawns on e4 and d4, while Black tries to counter this by playing d6 and e5. The key move in this variation is White's c4, which supports the pawn on d4 and prepares to advance the pawn to c5, further attacking Black's pawn structure. Black's response, Bd7, is a solid move that defends the knight on c6 and prepares to castle kingside.

This opening can lead to a variety of pawn structures and middlegame plans, depending on how both players choose to proceed. White often aims to create a pawn majority on the queenside, while Black tries to counterattack in the center or on the kingside. The opening is considered to be a solid and reliable choice for both players, as it leads to a strategic and balanced game with chances for both sides to outplay their opponent.