Ruy Lopez: Closed, Smyslov Defense

A solid and flexible defense for Black in the Ruy Lopez, the Smyslov Defense focuses on pawn structure and piece coordination while avoiding early tactical skirmishes.

The Smyslov Defense is a variation of the Closed Ruy Lopez, named after the former World Chess Champion Vasily Smyslov. It is a solid and flexible defense for Black, which focuses on maintaining a strong pawn structure and coordinating the pieces harmoniously. The opening is characterized by Black's early pawn moves on the queenside, followed by a timely d6 and h6 to prevent any annoying pin by White's dark-squared bishop.

In this opening, Black aims to challenge White's central pawn duo with a well-timed d5 pawn break, while also preparing to counterattack on the queenside. The Smyslov Defense is known for its strategic depth and has been employed by many top-level players, including Anatoly Karpov and Garry Kasparov.

White, on the other hand, seeks to exploit the slightly passive position of Black's pieces and create pressure on the e5 pawn. The typical plan for White involves centralizing the rooks, maneuvering the knight to an optimal square, and potentially launching a kingside attack.

Both sides have various plans and ideas at their disposal, making the Smyslov Defense a rich and complex battleground for strategic and positional play. It is an excellent choice for players who prefer a solid and flexible defense, with opportunities for counterplay and a focus on long-term planning.